Truro is a city and civil parish in Cornwall, United Kingdom. The city is the centre for administration, leisure and retail in Cornwall, with a population of 17,431. Truro urban statistical area, which includes parts of surrounding parishes, has a population of 20,920. It is the only city in the county, and the most southerly city in Great Britain. People from Truro are known as Truronians. Truro initially grew as an important centre of trade from its port and then as a stannary town for the mining industry. Places of interest include the Royal Cornwall Museum, the Hall for Cornwall, Cornwall's Courts of Justice and Cornwall Council. The earliest records and archaeological findings of a permanent settlement in the Truro area originate from Norman times. A large strong building was built in the 12th century by Richard de Luci, Chief Justice of England in the reign of Henry II, who was granted land in Cornwall for his services to the court, including the area surrounding the confluence of the two rivers.
He planted the town in the shadow of the castle and awarded it borough status to further economic activity. Truro is located in the centre of western Cornwall approximately 9 miles (14 km) from the south coast on the confluence of the rivers Kenwyn and Allen. Truro has mainly grown and developed around the historic city centre in a nucleated fashion along the slopes of the bowl valley, with an exception being fast linear development along the A390 to the west, towards three milestones. Truro's most recognizable feature is its gothic-revival Cathedral, designed by architect John Loughborough Pearson and rising 76 m (249 ft) above the city at its highest spire. It took 30 years to build, from 1880 to 1910, and was built on the site of the old St. Mary's Church, consecrated over 600 years earlier. Truro was temporarily the home to Rugby union club Cornish Pirates, but the team is currently located at its historical base in Penzance.
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